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Mark Twain relished the huge cutthroat trout fished from Lake Tahoe but reported them uncommonly difficult to catch. Tahoe's extraordinary clarity may be one reason: Twain thought it an advantage that he could see the trout but did not realize that they could see him Light bends when it enters water, rendering floating objects outside a given circle invisible from underwater. The radius of such a circle, known as Snell' s Window, expands with the relative depth of the viewer's position. The Tahoe cutthroats lived very deep and could have seen Twain's boat long before it came to rest overhead. Moreover, the eyes of trout continue to grow along with their overall body size, and larger eyes, having more cones, provide sharper vision.
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Which of the following best describes the function of the highlighted sentence?
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The passage suggests which of the following about Snell' s Window?
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What is really meant by "ownership" of works of art? When a museum or an art gallery takes refuge in the argument that something it possesses has been legitimately acquired by the standards of its day and has been properly cared for ever since, it is not a trivial piece of special pleading, but a valid appeal to our sense of fairness. This sort of claim can be strengthened when a museum returns other objects not acquired lawfully. Such concessions recognize that injustices can occur, and they serve to undergird legitimate claims rather than undermine them. But even with legitimate claims, possession of art is not out-and-out ownership, but a duty of care, since stewardship comes as the counterpart of possession.
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The primary purpose of the last sentence of the passage is to
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The passage suggests that a museum's claim on some possessions may be strengthened by its return of unlawful acquisitions because such returns imply that
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Pharmaceutical Developer: Until recently certain bacteria were considered too dangerous for use in vaccines. However, without a particular gene, these bacteria are harmless, and we can now remove the gene from these bacteria. Therefore, vaccines containing these bacteria can now be used safely.
Scientist: Actually, the safety of such vaccines remains doubtful. Genes often migrate from one strain of bacteria to another, and other strains of bacteria in the human body contain the harmful gene.
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The scientist's response does which of the following?
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A longstanding scholarly neglect of the subject of cooking is partly attributable to the antiquated“separate spheres" schema that differentiated a private female sphere, which included food preparation and consumption, from a public male sphere, which included food production. While this concept never reflected most women's daily realities-women are major food producers worldwide the ideological polarization certainly influenced the development of academia: it effectively segregated women into working in low-status "domestic” disciplines such as dietetics and home economics, while the male-dominated realms of industrial agriculture, food technology, mass retailing, and corporate management enjoyed public respect and academic prestige. This institutionalized bias delayed serious attention to cooking even after feminists in the 1960s obliterated the notion of separate spheres and more women entered all areas of academia.
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The primary purpose of the passage is to
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The author mentions "feminists" primarily in order to
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Recently researchers have questioned the portrayal of pearly mussels, which are freshwater bivalves, as feeding exclusively on particles suspended in water (suspension feeding). Many ocean-dwelling bivalves siphon food from the sediment surface (deposit feeding) or use their foot to sweep edible material from the sediment (pedal feeding). It is known that juvenile pearly mussels can pedal feed, although researchers still do not know how the ability to pedal feed varies across species, over the lifetime of a single mussel, or with the relative availability of food in the sediment.
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Which of the following statements about how pearly mussels feed can be inferred from the passage?
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According to the passage, which of the following is true of bivalve feeding behavior?
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In the 1890s and 1900s, many middle-class United States parents and educators decried the effects of the expanding consumer culture on children. Children were becoming increasingly exposed to consumer goods that inspired longing and envy. Turn-of-the-century child- rearing experts, raised prior to the dominance of the consumer culture, viewed consumerism as a corrupting influence and advised parents to counter it with moral lessons about the importance of restraining envy and acquisitiveness. By the 1920s, however, a new generation of child-rearing experts had emerged, counseling that children's envy should be restrained not by coaching children to accept deprivation but by satisfying their desires for toys and clothing. The rationale for restraining envy had also changed: experts were beginning to conceive of envy less as a moral flaw and more as an impediment to social adjustment.
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According to the passage, turn-of-the-century child- rearing experts advocated which of the following?
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The passage suggests that which of the following affected the advice of child-rearing experts between the 1890s and the 1920s?
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Lakeshore district is to be planted with orange trees. The fruit yield of the orange trees will probably be greater if they are planted in soil that is heaped into mounds substantially higher than the surrounding ground. The fruit yield of an orange tree generally increases with the height of the tree's branch structure and that height is directly proportional to the depth of the tree's root structure. The roots of orange trees, however, never grow any deeper than the underlying water table. Therefore, since the water table in Lakeshore district is close to the surface, orange trees planted there would be bound to develop relatively shallow roots unless they were planted in the manner described above.
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In the argument given, the two highlighted portions play which of the following roles?
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While Miles Davis has been celebrated as a bandleader and musical innovator, some music critics have lamented the many cracked and missed notes of Davis' own trumpet playing. Other critics, such as Giddins, contend that Davis had developed a thoroughly original style built on his technical limitations: "His every crackle and flutter was to be embraced as evidence of his spontaneous soul." Yet when choosing among various takes after a recording session, Davis invariably picked the one with the fewest mistakes. The truth is that though Davis disliked mistakes. The truth is that though Davis disliked mistakes, he consistently took risks in his playing by using a loose, flexible embouchure (mouth position) that allowed him to produce a great variety of tone colors. He accepted mistakes as the price of this approach.
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