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题目内容
题目材料：
A basic assumption in contemporary models of primate behavioral ecology is that the social patterns we observe in wild subjects are adaptations, or the products of past evolutionary selection pressures. Yet, both ecological and demographic conditions can change during the course of an individual's life span, resulting in selection pressures that fluctuate on shorter time scales than the generations over which evolutionary processes occur. The varying fitness consequences of particular social patterns under different conditions can result in behavioral polymorphisms within populations and in high levels of intraspecific behavioral variation between populations. Social behavior is especially sensitive to local conditions, which reflect the demographic histories of groups and populations in addition to the phylogenetic histories of species. If evolution has favored "expedience," or "the ability to select whatever tactic is necessary to solve an immediate problem, regardless of the possible long-term consequences of such action," as Barrett and Henzi have suggested, then a great deal of primate social behavior may not be adaptive in a genetically determined, evolutionary sense.
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