发布时间：2022-09-15
This page contains the Issue topicsfor the Analytical Writing section of the GRE® revised General Test. When youtake the test, you will be presented withone Issue topic from this pool.
Each Issue topic consists of anissue statement or statements followed by specific task instructions that tellyou how to respond to the issue. The wording of some topics in the test mightvary slightly from what is presented here. Also, because there may be multipleversions of some topics with similar or identical wording but with differenttask instructions, it is very important to read your test topic and itsspecific task directions carefully and respond to the wording as it appears inthe actual test.
标注有*的题目为有官方范文的题目。
标注有 2、3 或 4 的题目为在官方题库中一字不差地重复 2 次、3 次或 4 次的题目。
比较：36；因果：40；问解：30；结论：27。
原题版权属于 ETS，本文档版权属成都新东方国外考试部。
A.现在与将来（当务之急与百年大计）——9
1. Young people should beencouraged to pursue long-term, realistic goals rather than seek immediate fameand recognition. 2 ——比较
2. Governments should focus onsolving the immediate problems of today rather than on trying to solve theanticipated problems of the future.
——比较
3. Governments should not fund anyscientific research whose consequences are unclear. 2 ——因果
4. Governments should place few,if any, restrictions on scientific research and development. ——结论
5. (1) Claim: Nations shouldsuspend government funding for the arts when significant numbers of theircitizens are hungry or unemployed.
Reason: It is inappropriate—and,perhaps, even cruel—to use public resources to fund the arts when people'sbasic needs are not being met.
——因果
(2) Nations should suspend government funding for the arts whensignificant numbers of their citizens are hungry or unemployed. ——因果
6. Claim: Researchers should notlimit their investigations to only those areas in which they expect to discoversomething that has an immediate, practical application.
Reason: It is impossible to predictthe outcome of a line of research with any certainty. ——因果
7. (1) Some people believe thatsociety should try to save every plant and animal species, despite the expenseto humans in effort, time, and financial well-being. Others believe thatsociety need not make extraordinary efforts, especially at a great cost inmoney and jobs, to save endangered species. ——比较
(2) There is little justification for society to make extraordinaryefforts—especially at a great cost in money and jobs—to save endangered animalor plant species. ——结论
(3) Society should make efforts to save endangered species only if thepotential extinction of those species is the result of human activities.
——因果
8. Society should identify thosechildren who have special talents and provide training for them at an early ageto develop their talents. —— 问解
9. (1) Teachers' salaries shouldbe based on their students' academic performance. ——问解
(2) Teachers' salaries should be based on the academic performance oftheir students. ——问解
B.过去与现在（新与旧、经验与创新）——5
10. In any field of endeavor, it isimpossible to make a significant contribution without first being stronglyinfluenced by past achievements within that field. ——因果
11. (1) Claim: Knowing about thepast cannot help people to make important decisions today.
Reason: The world today issignificantly more complex than it was even in the relatively recent past. ——因果
(2) Claim: Knowing about the past cannot help people to make importantdecisions today.
Reason: We are not able to makeconnections between current events and past events until we have some distancefrom both. ——因果
(3) Knowing about the past cannot help people to make importantdecisions today. ——问解
12. When old buildings stand onground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes,modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historicbuildings. ——因果
13. The main benefit of the studyof history is to dispel the illusion that people living now are significantlydifferent from people who lived in earlier times. ——结论
14. (1) Claim: In anyfield—business, politics, education, government—those in power should step downafter five years. Reason: The surestpath to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership. ——因果
(2) In any field—business, politics, education, government—those inpower should be required to step down after five years. ——结论
(3) In any profession—business, politics, education, government—those inpower should step down after five years. ——结论
(4) The greatness of individuals can be decided only by those who liveafter them, not by their contemporaries. ——结论/比较
C.现实与理想——5
15. (1) Educational institutionshave a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields of study inwhich they are unlikely to succeed. 2
——因果
(2) Educational institutions should dissuade students from pursuingfields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed. ——结论
16. (1) Some people believe thatcollege students should consider only their own talents and interests whenchoosing a field of study. Others believe that college students should basetheir choice of a field of study on the availability of jobs in that field. ——比较
(2) College students should be encouraged to pursue subjects thatinterest them rather than the courses that seem most likely to lead to jobs.
——比较
(3) Educational institutions should actively encourage their students tochoose fields of study that will prepare them for lucrative careers. 2
——结论
(4) College students should base their choice of a field of study on theavailability of jobs in that field. ——结论
(5) Educational institutions should actively encourage their students tochoose fields of study in which jobs are plentiful. 2——结论
17. (1) Claim: When planningcourses, educators should take into account the interests and suggestions oftheir students. Reason: Students are more motivated to learn when they areinterested in what they are studying. * ——因果
(2) Educators should take students' interests into account when planningthe content of the courses they teach. * ——问解
18. Educators should find out whatstudents want included in the curriculum and then offer it to them. * ——结论
19. (1) Educators should base theirassessment of students' learning not on students' grasp of facts but on theability to explain the ideas, trends, and concepts that those facts illustrate.——比较
(2) Educators should teach facts only after their students have studiedthe ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts. ——问解
D.个体与整体（少数与多数、局部与整体）——23
20. The most effective way tounderstand contemporary culture is to analyze the trends of its youth. ——问解
21. (1) Claim: Governments mustensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in orderto thrive. Reason: It is primarily in cities that a nation's culturaltraditions are preserved and generated.
(2) To understand the most important characteristics of a society, onemust study its major cities. ——问解
(3) It is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions aregenerated and preserved. ——结论
22. Scandals are useful becausethey focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer evercould. ——因果
23. People's behavior is largelydetermined by forces not of their own making. 2 ——结论
24. (1) Some people believe thatthe purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit. Others believethat formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than setthem free. ——比较
(2) Formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather thanset them free. ——结论
25. Claim: Colleges anduniversities should specify all required courses and eliminate elective coursesin order to provide clear guidance for students.
Reason: College students—like peoplein general—prefer to follow directions rather than make their own decisions. ——因果
26. (1) Governments should offer afree university education to any student who has been admitted to a universitybut who cannot afford the tuition. ——问解/因果
(2) Governments should offer college and university education free ofcharge to all students. ——结论
27. Leaders are created by thedemands that are placed on them. ——问解
28. To be an effective leader, apublic official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards. 2 ——问解
29. Some people believe it is oftennecessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withhold information fromthe public. Others believe that the public has a right to be fully informed. ——比较
30. (1) Claim: The surest indicatorof a great nation must be the achievements of its rulers, artists, orscientists.
Reason: Great achievements by anation's rulers, artists, or scientists will ensure a good life for themajority of that nation's people. ——因果
(2) Claim: The surest indicator of a great nation is not theachievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists. Reason: The surestindicator of a great nation is actually the welfare of all its people. ——因果
(3) The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements ofits rulers, artists, or scientists, but the general well-being of all itspeople.
——比较
(4) The surest indicator of a great nation is represented not by theachievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but by the general welfare
of its people. ——比较
(5) Some people claim that you can tell whether a nation is great bylooking at the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists. Others arguethat the surest indicator of a great nation is, in fact, the general welfare ofall its people. ——比较
(6) Some people believe that in order to thrive, a society must put itsown overall success before the well-being of its individual citizens.
Others believe that the well-beingof a society can only be measured by the general welfare of all its people. ——比较
(7) The general welfare of a nation's people is a better indication ofthat nation's greatness than are the achievements of its rulers, artists, or
scientists. ——比较
(8) The effectiveness of a country's leaders is best measured byexamining the well-being of that country's citizens. ——问解
31. Some people believe thatgovernment funding of the arts is necessary to ensure that the arts canflourish and be available to all people. Others believe that government fundingof the arts threatens the integrity of the arts. ——比较
32. In order for any work ofart—for example, a film, a novel, a poem, or a song—to have merit, it must beunderstandable to most people. —
—问解
33. (1) Claim: The best test of anargument is its ability to convince someone with an opposing viewpoint.
Reason: Only by being forced todefend an idea against the doubts and contrasting views of others does onereally discover the value of that idea. ——因果/问解
(2) The best test of an argument is the argument's ability to convincesomeone with an opposing viewpoint. ——问解
34. Laws should be flexible enoughto take account of various circumstances, times, and places. ——问解
35. Every individual in a societyhas a responsibility to obey just laws and to disobey and resist unjust laws. ——问解
36. (1) Claim: The best way tounderstand the character of a society is to examine the character of the menand women that the society chooses as its heroes or its role models.
Reason: Heroes and role modelsreveal a society's highest ideals. ——因果
(2) The best way to understand the character of a society is to examinethe character of the men and women that the society chooses as its heroes orits role models. ——问解
37. (1) Claim: It is no longerpossible for a society to regard any living man or woman as a hero.
Reason: The reputation of anyone whois subjected to media scrutiny will eventually be diminished. ——因果
(3) In this age of intensive media coverage, it is no longer possiblefor a society to regard any living man or woman as a hero. ——因果
(4) It is no longer possible for a society to regard any living man orwoman as a hero. ——结论
38. It is primarily through ouridentification with social groups that we define ourselves. ——问解
39. The best ideas arise from apassionate interest in commonplace things. * ——结论
40. Some people believe thatcorporations have a responsibility to promote the well-being of the societiesand environments in which they operate. Others believe that the onlyresponsibility of corporations, provided they operate within the law, is tomake as much money as possible. ——比较
41. Scientists and otherresearchers should focus their research on areas that are likely to benefit thegreatest number of people. ——结论
42. If a goal is worthy, then anymeans taken to attain it are justifiable. ——因果
E.个体与个体（不同领域间的交流）——6
43. (1) Claim: Universities shouldrequire every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's majorfield of study. Reason: Acquiring knowledge of various academic disciplines isthe best way to become truly educated. ——因果
(2) Some people believe that universities should require every studentto take a variety of courses outside the student's field of study. Othersbelieve that universities should not force students to take any courses otherthan those that will help prepare them for jobs in their chosen fields. ——比较
(3) Universities should require every student to take a variety ofcourses outside the student's field of study. 3 ——结论
(4) Requiring university students to take a variety of courses outsidetheir major fields of study is the best way to ensure that students becometruly educated. ——问解
44. In order to become well-roundedindividuals, all college students should be required to take courses in whichthey read poetry, novels, mythology, and other types of imaginative literature.——问解
45. No field of study can advancesignificantly unless it incorporates knowledge and experience from outside thatfield. ——问解
46. Colleges and universitiesshould require all faculty to spend time working outside the academic world inprofessions relevant to the courses they teach. ——结论
47. (1) Colleges and universitiesshould require their students to spend at least one semester studying in aforeign country. 3 ——结论
(2) All college and university students would benefit from spending atleast one semester studying in a foreign country. ——问解
48. All parents should be requiredto volunteer time to their children's schools. 2 ——结论
F.统一与分歧（合作与竞争）——16
49. A nation should require all ofits students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college. 4 ——结论
50. Some people believe that inorder to be effective, political leaders must yield to public opinion andabandon principle for the sake of compromise. Others believe that the mostessential quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committedto particular principles and objectives. ——比较
51. Some people argue thatsuccessful leaders in government, industry, or other fields must be highlycompetitive. Other people claim that in order to be successful, a leader mustbe willing and able to cooperate with others. ——比较
52. Any leader who is quickly andeasily influenced by shifts in popular opinion will accomplish little. ——因果
53. Claim: Major policy decisionsshould always be left to politicians and other government experts.
Reason: Politicians and othergovernment experts are more informed and thus have better judgment andperspective than do members of the general public. ——因果
54. (1) Some people believe thatgovernment officials must carry out the will of the people they serve. Othersbelieve that officials should base their decisions on their own judgment. ——比较
(2) Government officials should rely on their own judgment rather thanunquestioningly carry out the will of the people they serve. ——比较
(3) Government officials should rely on their own judgment rather thanunquestioningly carry out the will of the people whom they serve.
——比较
55. Critical judgment of work inany given field has little value unless it comes from someone who is an expertin that field. 2 ——问解
56. In any field of inquiry, thebeginner is more likely than the expert to make important contributions. ——比较
57. The best way for a society toprepare its young people for leadership in government, industry, or otherfields is by instilling in them a sense of cooperation, not competition. ——问解
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