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题目内容
题目材料：
In many cases warmer climate favors animals with smaller body size, in accordance with Bergmann's rule - that a larger body surface area relative to volume promotes heat loss, which would be adaptive under a scenario of increasing temperatures. However, several case studies have highlighted opposite trends. Such discrepancies can be explained by the type and extent of temperature change. Gradual increases in ambient temperatures may indeed favor animals with smaller body size: they have relatively large surface-area-to-volume ratios and thus increased rates of heat loss. Smaller-bodied individuals are, however, disadvantaged when exposed to short bouts of high temperature extremes that lead to acute dehydration and increased mortality: under such conditions, larger-bodied individuals fare better because their smaller surface-area-to-volume ratio reduces their rate of water loss.
以上解析由 考满分老师提供。
