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题目材料：
This passage is adapted from material published in 2006.
Until recently, medical researchers had few clues about what causes age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a deterioration of the central area of the retina that destroys the individual's central vision, making it impossible to perform essential activities such as reading or driving a car. However, recent discoveries in genetics suggest that variations in two genes responsible for encoding proteins in the so-called complement cascade account for most of the risk of developing AMD. This complex molecular pathway is the body's first line of defense against invading bacteria, but, if overactive, it can produce tissue-damaging inflammation.
The new links between AMD and the complement genes suggest that excessive inflammation resulting from uncontrolled complement activity underlies the vision-destroying changes that particularly strike the macula, the central region of the retina. Indeed, such inflammation-promoting gene variants contribute to the development of perhaps as many as 75 percent of AMD cases. Several other genes, including one of as-yet-unknown function, have also been recently implicated as possibly making a substantial contribution to AMD risk.
Until recently, medical researchers had few clues about what causes age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a deterioration of the central area of the retina that destroys the individual's central vision, making it impossible to perform essential activities such as reading or driving a car. However, recent discoveries in genetics suggest that variations in two genes responsible for encoding proteins in the so-called complement cascade account for most of the risk of developing AMD. This complex molecular pathway is the body's first line of defense against invading bacteria, but, if overactive, it can produce tissue-damaging inflammation.
The new links between AMD and the complement genes suggest that excessive inflammation resulting from uncontrolled complement activity underlies the vision-destroying changes that particularly strike the macula, the central region of the retina. Indeed, such inflammation-promoting gene variants contribute to the development of perhaps as many as 75 percent of AMD cases. Several other genes, including one of as-yet-unknown function, have also been recently implicated as possibly making a substantial contribution to AMD risk.
以上解析由 考满分老师提供。
