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Garlic mustard -a plant native to western Eurasia-has been successful as an invasive species in the United States. Garlic mustard contains a variety of plant secondary compounds that lower its palatability to herbivores. In addition, recent studies suggest that these secondary compounds affect the seed germination and growth of native plants and alter the activity of soil organisms, raising the possibility that secondary compounds in garlic mustard contribute to its overall success as an invader. Although it remains unclear exactly how these secondary compounds penetrate into the soil, their presence appears to affect surrounding plants. Prati and Bossdorf found that the germination rate of a native woodland herb, rough avens, was significantly reduced when grown in soils that had been previously occupied by garlic mustard. To test for the specific effects of root exudates (substances slowly released by roots), they mixed experimental soil samples with activated carbon, a material that binds organic compounds in soil and thereby decreases their activity. They found that more seeds germinated in soils with activated carbon than in soils without activated carbon, suggesting that organic compounds released in the exudates of garlic mustard had a negative effect on the seed germination of native species.
以上解析由 考满分老师提供。
